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Bartholomäus Metlinger (born in
Bartholomäus Metlinger on digitale-sammlungen.de
Bartholomäus Metlinger (born in Augsburg
Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ...
– died c. 1491) was a German physician of the Late Middle Ages
The Late Middle Ages or Late Medieval Period was the period of European history lasting from AD 1300 to 1500. The Late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern period (and in much of Europe, the Renai ...
.
Metlinger graduated in 1470 from the University of Bologna
The University of Bologna ( it, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy. Founded in 1088 by an organised guild of students (''studiorum''), it is the oldest university in continu ...
. He was city physician
City physician (German: ; , , from Latin ) was a historical title in the Late Middle Ages for a physician appointed by the city council. The city physician was responsible for the health of the population, particularly the poor, and the sanitary ...
() in Nördlingen
Nördlingen (; Swabian: ''Nearle'' or ''Nearleng'') is a town in the Donau-Ries district, in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, with a population of approximately 20,674. It is located approximately east of Stuttgart, and northwest of Munich. It was b ...
from 1476 to 1483, when he took the same position in Augsburg
Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ...
, probably succeeding his late father Peter Metlinger.
His most famous work, ('Little Book on Children'), was published on 7 December 1473, being retitled in later editions as ('A Guide on Young Children'). It was the first German-language work on pediatrics. In it, Metlinger deals with the care of infants and small children up to the age of seven. The book describes several childhood diseases and their treatments, besides providing educational advice. It also contains one of the first known written definitions of a pacifier
A pacifier is a rubber, plastic, or silicone nipple substitute given to an infant to suckle upon between feedings to quiet its distress by satisfying the need to suck when it does not need to eat. Pacifiers normally have three parts: an elongate ...
.
See also
*Eucharius Rösslin
Eucharius Rösslin (Roslin, Rößlin), sometimes known as Eucharius Rhodion, (c. 1470 – 1526) was a German physician who in 1513 authored a book about childbirth called ''Der Rosengarten'' (The Rose Garden), which became a standard medical t ...
* Felix Würtz
* Swaddling
Swaddling is an age-old practice of wrapping infants in blankets or similar cloths so that movement of the limbs is tightly restricted. Swaddling bands were often used to further restrict the infant. Swaddling fell out of favour in the 17th cen ...
Bibliography
* Walter Martin Manzke: ''Remedia per infantibus: Medicinal child therapy in the 15th and 16th centuries, illustrated by means of selected diseases'' (dissertation in the Department of Pharmacy at the University of Marburg.). 2008. http://d-nb.info/987944800/34 * John Ruräh: ''Bartholomaeus Metlinger -1491''. in American Journal of Diseases of Children, 35 (3), 1928, pp 492–494. * Susanne Scheibenreiter: Diseases of the child in the Middle Ages (Unpublished thesis, University of Vienna, Faculty of History). 2008, 93 pages. http://othes.univie.ac.at/1341/1/2008-10-03_5600012.pdfExternal links
Bartholomäus Metlinger on digitale-sammlungen.de
References
German pediatricians 15th-century German physicians 15th-century educators Education writers German-language writers Physicians from Augsburg German medical writers German male non-fiction writers 15th-century German writers 1490s deaths Year of birth missing Year of death uncertain {{Germany-med-bio-stub